Biology - 1015 Words

U.S. Government after 9\11 Markel Limbacker Kaplan College Abstract The U.S. Government has made many changes to the way it handles everyday functions. The acts of September 11, know as 9\11 made the government look at things differently. When the two hijacked planes crashed into the twin towers located in the middle of New York City the government woke up from its sleep that day. The security in the U.S. did a complete turnaround and the USA Patriot Act was born. U.S. Government after 9\11 Since the attack on American soil the government issued the USA Patriot Act. This was created to deter and punish terrorist acts in and around the United States. It was also designed to enhanced law enforcement†¦show more content†¦The high tech machines that were now being used all over the U.S. played a major role in the changes. The new monitoring systems allowed law enforcement to tap into any and everything that people use to communicate. If the government feels someone is a threat to the nation they can tap into their cell phones, house phone, emails, even their social networking like facebook or twitter to gather information. It all comes down to if you are doing something you should not be doing than you deserve to be monitored. At the beginning it all seem great that the country was taking charge in the war on terrorism, but now it feels like as if you are a criminal in your own backyard. The security checks and monitoring makes society fe el there is no privacy anymore. That the government have become like other nations where the people have little to no rights at all. Big brother is watching and it can be a good thing and also a bad thing. What this nation does agree on together is that the nation diffidently needs to address this matter. Conclusion: The need for the new changes is something that should had been in place a long time ago. There can be no way society thinks America is being over protective. If this great nation that is called home to more than 300 million people not being alert and ready for anything, it will not be here much longer. The rules that are in place due to the 9\11 acts woke America up†¦now stay up America! References Didel, M. (2011).Show MoreRelatedA General Overview of Biology607 Words   |  2 PagesBiology What is Biology? Biology is the scientific study of living things and their vital processes. There are more than 10 million species of living things on Earth. They range from microscopic bacteria to huge blue what and towering redwood trees. Living things vary from where and how they live. Types of Biology Biology is a broad subject and that is why it is subdivided into separate branches for convenience of study. The four main subdivided branches are: ï‚ ³ Botany-the study of plants Read MoreBiology Final Paper : Biology1909 Words   |  8 Pagesgrandfather had to endure. When learning about Biology in high school I really enjoyed the subject and found that I had a natural talent in the subject. I took standard and AP biology and excelled in both, I began finding myself to be very intrigued by the subject, and the study of the human body and learned about the difference between plant, animal and human cells, their structure and function. My favorite thing that we learned about in biology was discovering the way our bodies react to differentRead MoreBiology2708 Words   |  11 PagesLaboratory Exercise #8 DNA Fingerprinting: Identification of DNA Restriction Fragmentation Patterns I. Introduction All humans have in common the coding sequences of their DNA, but, unless you are an identical twin, the non-coding sequences of your DNA are like no other person’s on the planet. The bulk of human DNA does not code for specific genes and is highly repetitive. A British geneticist, Alec Jefferies, developed laboratory techniques in 1984 that became known as DNA fingerprintingRead MoreWildlife Conservation and Biology Essay1571 Words   |  7 Pagesanimals as their everyday life. I should be a wildlife biologist so I can study land mammals. Wildlife biology is a field of biology in which land animals are studied. It deals with all animals with backbones and studies individual species of wildlife, their habitats, and surrounding ecosystems (Fitzgerald). It also studies how animals may interact with their ecosystem. Without wildlife biology we would not have extensive knowledge of other animal species, and how they could be linked to humans.Read MoreA Research Study On Synthetic Biology1324 Words   |  6 Pages2.1 Fundamental research Synthetic biology has a lot to offer in fundamental research. Starting from the most well characterised laboratory organism, E.coli, we are still in half way from full knowledge of understanding the function of all its genes as the functions of 20% of them are still to be identified (Keseler et al., 2011). Moreover there are many more other microorganisms with great importance which are even less-well understood. Synthetic biology provides the ability to make specificRead MoreBiology Field Study Essay1037 Words   |  5 PagesA general description of the area with reasons why the field study is being conducted. Geological overview Bicentennial Park which is located on the shoreline of Home bush Bay is a natural heritage site which features a vital wetland ecosystem and a large area of parkland colonized by a vast range flora and fauna. Within the park there are four communities of vegetation which are: Coastal Saltmarsh – a type of marsh that is intertidal between land and salty water, consistingRead MoreForensic Pathology, Toxicology, And Biology1077 Words   |  5 Pages Forensic science consists of a variety of fields such as in this case Forensic Pathology, Toxicology, and Biology were used to help solve the murder. Forensic Pathology was used to determine the cause of death by conducting an autopsy on the Johnson body. Coming to a conclusion, that Denise Johnson’s cause of death was due to asphyxiation (also known as strangulation)2,9. The pathology unit also determined that her death was a forced and violent death. Given the facts of how the victim died itRead MoreMarine Biology And Its Impact On Society1364 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Marine Biology is the scientific study of organisms in the ocean or other marine bodies of water. Marine Biologists are the examiners of this science. Marine Biologists play an important role in today’s society because 71% of the Earth is made up of water and only 5% of water on Earth has been discovered (â€Å"Ocean†). Without having these scientists in our communities today, the largest part of Earth would remain a mystery. The process of becoming a Marine Biologist is no easy task. ItRead MoreBook Summary of the Use and Abuse of Biology2361 Words   |  10 Pagesteaches. Marshall Sahlins, The Use and Abuse of Biology, is an excellent text, which attacks both the logical errors of sociobiology and its ideological distortions. His work focuses on demonstrating the power that culture has to shape peoples perceptions and actions and that culture has a unique power to motivate people, which is not derived from biology or for that matter any other of the natural sciences . In the text, The Use And Abuse of Biology, Sahlins reveals his true worries that cultureRead MoreHistory of Biochemistry: Chemistry and Biology Connection to the World Today991 Words   |  4 Pages What criteria connects biology to chemistry? -Chemistry has changed the way the world is today. -Biology has changed how certain organisms live and stay alive today. I will explain how chemistry and biology connect throughout the world today. Following questions: †¢What was this society like before the discovery of biology? Biology is the study of living organisms and how organisms may live after awhile. Aristotle discovered biology in 1802.The term biology was first coined by gifted gottfried Reinhold

Digital Divide Free Essays

Digital divide is defined as the distance between those with access to the internet and those without. Digital Divide is a problem that stretches to all corners of the world. It affects not only people here in the U. We will write a custom essay sample on Digital Divide or any similar topic only for you Order Now S. but also countries across the globe. Two questions have to be asked in all this. The first is â€Å"Does the Digital Divide really exist? † and the second is â€Å"What is the real impact of the Digital Divide? † The idea of Digital Divide did not come into play until the early 1990’s with the passage by then President Bill Clinton of the High Performance Computing Act. What this act did was to provide funding for a high speed fiber optic network which would go on to become the internet that we use today. This enabled home computers to become more useful which in turn caused the number of personal computers in the U. S to skyrocket to over ten million in a five year period. (Rapaport, 2009) In all this a new department in the Clinton Administration was formed, The National Telecommunications and Information Administration. The NTIA is the President’s main advisor on information and telecommunication and was co-founded by Albert Hammond, a White House aide. Rapaport, 2009) It was Hammond in addition to NTIA administrator Larry Irving that came up with the phrase â€Å"Digital Divide† This phrase eventually began to appear in then V. P Al Gore’s speeches. As time went on, computer and internet prices began to fall. With these falling prices came the idea that the Digital Divide was closing. The new presidential administration did not have as great an interest in digital access and eventually â€Å"Digital Divide† became â€Å"Digital Inclusion. † The NTIA was eventually downgraded and its budget taken away. These actions eventually and effectively ended the NTIA The question of it the Digital Divide is real can be answered by looking at the numbers, A report done by the Pew Research Center shows that one in five American adults does not use the internet, with senior citizens, those with less than a high school education and lower income adults being the least likely to have access to the internet. (Smith, Zickuhr, 2012) Americans with disabilities are even less likely to use the internet. Nearly half of those that do not go online say that don’t because they do not feel the internet is relevant to them. One thing that is helping to bridge the digital divide is the ever changing face of mobile technology. With the face of mobile technology changing at a rapid pace, those that were on the other side of the digital divide are now able to go online. Out of those groups, young adults, minorities, those with no college experience and lower income adults are more likely to use their smart phone as a main source of internet access. Internet use has grown greatly among U. S adults. In a span of 16 year, June 1995 to Jan 2011, internet use among those 18 and over has gone from just 14% to 78%. Smith, Zickuhr, 2012) In these numbers the line is still senior citizens, minorities, and low income as those less likely to have online access. A majority of those that do not use the internet feel they do not need it or are cautious of new technology. The difference between 2000 and 2011 is significant. In June of 2000 only 50% of American adults used the internet. That number jumped to 80% in 2011. ( Smith, Zickuhr, 2011) A household’s income plays a factor in internet use as well. In August 20111 only 62% of households with income less that $30,000 use the internet. When you compare these numbers to those making over $75,000 that have an internet usage of 97%, the Digital Divide is evident. The gap between whites and minorities is quickly disappearing. There are still some differences in internet access but they have become less noticeable and in some cases have disappeared all together. The strongest negative predictors for internet use are not race or gender, instead those factors now include seniors (those age 65 and older), low income (under $20,000), and lack of a high school education. Among these groups there have been some increases in internet use, but there is still a gray area for some such as seniors. Even though those 65 and over are less likely to use the internet, 41% now do go online. (Smith, Zickhur, 2012) The reasons that adults do not use the internet vary. In the year 2000, 54% of American adults felt that the internet was a dangerous thing. This feeling was especially true among seniors and individuals with less than a high school education. Research also show that 39% that that access to the internet cost to much and 36% found the internet confusing and difficult to se. (Smith, Zickuhr, 2012) More recent research shows the biggest reason of not going online is the do not feel the internet is relevant to them. 48% do not want to use it or feel that do not need it to get the information they need. A majority of non-users have never use the internet before and have no one in the household that does know how to use it. Only a very small percentage one i n ten, are interested in using it in the future. One thing that is changing the Digital Divide is mobile technology as mentioned above. Currently 88% of Americans age 18 and over have a cell phone. With mobile technology expanding, 63% of American adults use a mobile device- Laptop, tablet computer, e-book reader, cell phone- to go online. The rise in mobile devices has caused a noticeable mobile difference. (Smith, Zickuhr, 2012) A person becomes more active using the internet once they get a mobile device. Of the mobile devices, smartphones are becoming more widely used than basic cell phones. Among American adults 46% now has a smartphone. (Smith, Zickuhr, 2012) There are groups that have greater levels of smartphone use such as higher income, well educated and those under age 50. These groups also have higher rates of technology use. Younger adults (under age 30) do have a higher than average level of smartphone use no matter their income or education. Those younger adults with only a high school education or less are actually more likely to own a smartphone than older adults (age 50 and over) who have gone to college. The same holds true for income, young adults in the lower income bracket (under $30,000) are more likely to have a smartphone than older adults in the higher income bracket. Among these users, 25% say they use their smartphone as their main source of internet access. Smartphones are helping to bridge the Digital Divide. Computer sales during the holidays fell for the first time in 5 years as gadget use such as smartphones grows. According to Walker Sands a digital marketing agency, 23% of total global website visits came from mobile devices which is up from 17% in the 3rd quarter. (Leonard, 2013 These numbers show how big the shift is to how people connect. Former President Bill Clinton said in a key note speech at the Consumer Electronics Show â€Å"Mobile Technology is doing so much now to lift the poor. Smartphones are a much cheaper way for internet access and the capabilities that go along with it such as mobile banking and social media. The smartphone is a unique item when it comes to personal technology and the Digital Divide. At the same time it represents the cutting edge of technology. It is of course the choice for people of any economic class as the most economical and efficient way to connect in an age where getting on the internet ranks up there as a top priority right below food, shelter and water. The Digital Divide will most likely always be there but with modern mobile technology it appears to be shrinking. It does affect people not only here in the United States but also people across the globe. If you look at recent technology and the future, the implications are without a doubt very fascinating. What would happen if everyone had an affordable computer in their pocket or purse? What about the balance or more correctly imbalance of political power? All of this seems uncertain but the possibilities are endless. One thing that is certain, the Digital Divide will always exist. There will always be those that just cannot afford it in any form. There will always be that that just do not find the internet relevant in their lives. There will also be those that want to use the internet but don’t know how. The question that remains is â€Å"How much can we bridge the Digital Divide? † That question may never be fully answered. References Arnold , B. (2007 , Feb). Caslon analytics digital divides. Retrieved from www. caslon. com. au/dividesprofile1. tm Enger , J. (2011, June). Closing the digital divide. Retrieved from www. huffingtonpost. com/john/m-enger/economic-survival-in-the-_b_871575. html Leonard, A. (2013, Jan). Retrieved from www. salon. com/2013/01/11/smartphones_bust_up_the_digital_divide Rapaport, R. (2009, October). A short history of the digital divide. Retrieved from www. edutopia. org/digital-generation-divide-connectivity Smith , A. , Zickuhr, K. (2012, April 13). Di gital differences. Retrieved from http://pewinternet. org/reports/2012/digital-differences-aspx How to cite Digital Divide, Essay examples Digital Divide Free Essays Digital divide is the division of the world on the basis of information technology and communication. This is a term that defines the gap that has arisen between many societies and countries due to the absence of information technology. The technologies that come under the context of digital divide are television, telephones, mobile phones, computers and the internet. We will write a custom essay sample on Digital Divide or any similar topic only for you Order Now There are many areas and nations in this world that do not have access to computers and the internet. They don’t have the resources to watch television. This has greatly impacted their economical growth. The technological advancements of the 21st century have greatly helped in educational purposes and in making the people aware of their rights and limits. The people deprived of these extravagances are socially cut from the world and live in a world of their own with their own system. The first step in combating the digital divide is to learn about the causes that have led to this division. There are multiple causes and each one has to be dealt separately in order to succeed. The first main cause is the economic division. This is a global cause and refers to the difference in economic status of different countries. There are many third world countries that still do not have the basic necessities of life. Their governments do not have the funds to provide for the proper survival of the citizens. In such a case, computers and internet are nothing but a dream. (Nielsen, 2006) The second cause is the usability division. This means that the technology is still so complicated, that a large percentage of the people do not know how to use it. The literacy rate in many countries is very low. Also, about 40% of the world’s population is considered illiterate (Nielsen, 2006). Another major cause of the digital divide is the empowerment divide. This cause refers to all those people who have resources and knowledge, but still refuse to take advantage of the technological boom. Examples of such people are the senior citizens. The fear of the invasion of technology in their lives haunts them. In some cases, the governments do not want their citizens to have the access to the internet. This is due to their interest. Most of the people are afraid to experiment with the given advanced options of the technological gadgets. In a study published in The Journal of Educational Research, there was a need to increase the numbers of computers in school. Instead of making computer labs, computers should be available in classrooms. The location and accessibility also created digital divide (Judge, Puckett, Bell, 2006). The digital divide is present and ever expanding due to the differences in lives of people living in rural and urban areas, educational backgrounds, financial status, and racial discrimination. The steps that have been taken to narrow he digital divide gap are credible. Many local and international programs have been initiated to limit the problem. ITU (International Telecommunication Union) has taken great measures and is working with global organizations to bridge the gap of digital divide. It has made a target of connecting all the countries of the world by the year 2015 (Connect The World, 2006). Other measures that have been taken globally are that tele-centers have been set up in a few developing countries to help in the development. Connect Africa was started in October 2007. The United Nations have adopted the Millennium Declaration in which it is stated that technological benefits are to be enjoyed by everyone. Some local measures are that computers are being provided in schools for better awareness and better educational environments (Judge, Puckett, Bell, 2006). Fibre optics is being installed in densely populated areas to fasten the internet connection, and special courses have been designed to educate people for the need of information technology knowledge. Even though this issue has been addressed in various reliable occasions, it still is not accepted and recognized universally. It is also the center of criticism and people state that this hype has been created for the benefit of certain organizations. The people whom may benefit from digital divide may be the Information capital as it gains new market for the promotion of its products. Secondly the Southern countries which include the rich rulers of the world and the middle class’s quest for control. Then the third category to benefit from digital divide may be the development community and lastly, the civil society that is ever ready to bring change in the world. (Luyt, 2004) There is a need to jointly address the causes and issues of digital divide as it concerns the whole planet. A common vision and information society is required. The developed and stable countries should come forward and help the struggling nations to remain in the race of global connectivity. The use of communication and IT is very important to grow economically for the nation as well as for individuals. Education is the only way to narrow the digital divide. How to cite Digital Divide, Papers

Motivation Leadership Journal Assignment free essay sample

What kind of work do you do? Subject is part owner to a computer T1/T2 provider. How long have you been doing it? Subject has being working there for 17 years. Can you describe a typical work day? Subject states that she is on the board and that she overlooks board’s requirements, check incoming and outgoing contracts, mediator, and she sets up all the rules and regulations for the cooperation. Why did you end up doing this work? What kind of person often does this sort of work? (And would they consider themselves typical? Subject stated that she wanted to do this because she wanted to start her own business so that they could help financially stabilize friends, family members, and partners. The sort of person who often does this sort of work is an A typical person who is controlling and strives to have more out of life than what is typical. What do you like about this work? Subject states that she likes the diversity which is incorporated through dealing with other companies and also the staff at the company. What is difficult about this work? The difficulty is how people bond to easily which brings their personal life into their work life and how they are not able to separate friendship and work relationship. This open doors to issues like sexual harassment, misconduct, and theft. How do (customers, others in the company ) treat you? What do they think about the job you do? [Adapt this question to fit your particular interviewtry to get at how they think they are treated based on their work. ] Subject states that others are afraid of her and extremely intimidated. Subject states that they do not want the job that she does but they enjoy working for the company. How does being a (fill in the blank with a salient cultural category: man, older person, African-American, 20-something, etc. ) play into the work you do? Subject states that initially there were barrier because of the stuffy suits that could not with having a woman in charge. There was open defiance, rudeness, and vulgarity. Subject states that she fired member’s board due to their insubordination. Has this work changed the way you think about yourself, about the world? Subject states that she has the ability to separate her work life and personal life. Subject states that she is now a cold, calculating, malicious, and deviant individual due to the desire to have more money and more business for the company as whole. Subject states that personally she is a caring, loving individual but as far as the world goes she believes that there are too many lazy individuals that don’t want to take responsibility for ensuring that task are completed. Subject feels that everyone wants a handout and does not want to earn their livelihood. What are some cultural values that are important to you (can be family, work, or interpersonal)? Do you think these are similar to or different from mainstream American culture? Please explain your ideas. Subject states that the business world is so much more complicated and unsympathetic to race, religion, politics, and sexuality. Subject states that they really don’t care about cultural values as long as you can perform your job. She also stated that in the business world they are aesthetic creatures who use whatever means necessary to get to the next level. She believes that this is very different from mainstream American culture, almost to the point of being anti-social. What do you like best about American culture? What do you like least? (Even if the person is American, they will have an opinion about this question that gives you some insight about how they view things from their perspective. ) Subjects like the fact that the American culture has a huge melting pot of candidates who are brilliant and talented in the profession that they choose. Due to this fact when the company is in need of candidates with a specific talent it is easier to find a candidate who fits the mold for that position. Analysis Think about your interview, the person, and their work. Please consider these questions as you write your journal assignment: What aspects of this persons work determine or indicate their status relative to others? The subjects work environment is one which a wealth of knowledge is extremely necessary in order to be successful. The subject is in the process of completing 4 doctorate degrees. Due to the fact that she is head of the board of directors she is looked up to by her subordinates and is expected to be knowledgeable in all areas of the company. She is a bit anti-social yet still remains professional and approachable to the lowest ranking individual at the company. What are some of the connections between this persons work experience and gender, race, age, and /or ethnicity (etc. )? The actual subject was of Cherokee Indian heritage and this heritage seemed to be at the center of how the subject intertwines her work and still remains true to her culture and tribe. Most of the subject’s knowledge is in large part of how she was raised on the reservation coupled with her age which helps to emphasize the important of maturity when making sound decisions. What kinds of attitudes, values, and behaviors does this persons work culture encourage? The attitudes, values, and behaviors that are displayed at their work culture is that of an air of self-motivation. The individual employee is held accountable for their own success or failure. Excuses are unacceptable. Their also seems to be a nonchalant attitude about their employees values. From what I gleaned from the interview what you believe in does not matter to the employee as long as you are doing your job to the best of your ability. What attitudes and values, held by this person, were similar to your own, and which were different? The attitudes and values of the subject were much in line with mine. The subject believes in receiving reward for hard work done and if you do not do the work you do not receive compensation. I did not like the fact that the subject refused to consider the cultural needs of the employee. I believe this may cause problems for them later on down the line. From this interview, what can give us insight into communicating across cultures or across work cultures? In my opinion communicating across cultures or work cultures takes a combined effort. Everyone in the company has to be open to the idea of using their talents which may have manifested due to elements from that individuals culture. Communication is not a one-sided instrument. In order for it to be effective the employer has to take steps to ensure that there are open lines of communication no matter what an employee’s background may be. In the end I believe that organizations only conform to the idea of culture because they are forced to.

The Number 12 Looks Like You - Mongrel free essay sample

In a dark world of musical entropy where art is steadily going down the tube, there is very little light to keep us from falling entirely into nothingness. Once-respected bands are disgracing themselves by softening up and becoming radio friendly. One band, though, hasn’t disappointed me. The Number 12 Looks Like You, a mathcore band from New Jersey, scoffs and steps away from all of the sell-outs with their album â€Å"Mongrel.† The word chaos is an understatement. Mind-boggling drums, energetic guitar riffs, punchy bass lines, and piercing-to-gravelly screams are just part of the poisonous combo that is â€Å"Mongrel.† Despite the pandemonium, songs like â€Å"Imagine Nation Express† and â€Å"Grandfather† suddenly break into groovy riffs and catchy choruses. The flamenco flair in â€Å"Paper Weight Pigs† will stay in your head for hours, while the jazzy drums in â€Å"The Weekly Wars† will keep your feet and fingers tapping. As you could probably put together, the album is based on the concept of being a mongrel, or some mottled, mixed breed. We will write a custom essay sample on The Number 12 Looks Like You Mongrel or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This album is a mongrel; the disorder doesn’t stop until the last, unpredictable song, â€Å"The Try (Thank You).† As if to taunt bands from heavy genres that are lightening up, â€Å"Mongrel† is riddled with nonstop heavy chaos and intricate mixes of melody and disharmony. So, if you’re a fan of The Mars Volta, The Blood Brothers, The Dillinger Escape Plan, mathcore in general, or you’d just like to step out from what your radio and TV tell you to like, give â€Å"Mongrel† a listen.

Water Pollution in South America essays

Water Pollution in South America essays In todays world, water pollution is becoming a bigger issue in South America, as well as around the globe. This problem exists all over South America due to the lack of laws and restrictions made and enforced by the governments in these countries. In some places, sewage treatment plants are almost non-existent and the ones that do exist are out-dated and not in working condition. Did you know that in some places in South America sewage runs right out of houses and into nearby rivers and lakes, causing the drinking water to become severely contaminated? This ends up causing harmful side affects on the inhabitants in the area that must survive off this water. South America is inhabited by 3rd World Countries where development is little, poverty and populations are high, and money is hard up. Governments try to raise money and use tax money to fix the severe problem of water pollution but it is not enough to provide working sewage treatment plants that can accommodate the rapidly growing population and the rapidly decreasing amount of water available for use. Many people are uneducated of what can be found in sewage. The sewage in South America contains grease, nutrients (nitrates, phosphates, and food waste), debris, oxygen-demanding chemicals (BOD, COD) acids/alkaloids/salts, toxic chemicals pathogens (disease-causing organisms) suspended solids, human drugs, human wastes, animal wastes, pesticides, and detergents In Mexico City, Mexico, the cause of pollution is the some 30 million inhabitants that contribute to air pollution, smog, and industries that release their wastes into nearby rivers and tributaries. But, in this case, the shortage of water is also a main contribute to the problem. Underground wells become polluted due to the chemicals found in the soils on the land of what used to be covered with several lakes hundreds of years ago. In other places such as Buenos Aires, Argentina, slaughter houses...

Tasmanian Devil Facts

Tasmanian Devil Facts The Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus harrisii)Â  is the worlds largest carnivorous marsupial. The animals common name comes from its ferocious feeding behavior. Its scientific name means Harris flesh-lover in honor of naturalist George Harris, who first described the devil in 1807. Fast Facts: Tasmanian Devil Scientific Name: Sarcophilus harrisiiCommon Name: Tasmanian devilBasic Animal Group: MammalSize: 22-26 inch body; 10 inch tailWeight: 13-18 poundsLife Span: 5 yearsDiet: CarnivoreHabitat: Tasmania, AustraliaPopulation: 10,000Conservation Status: Endangered Description The Tasmanian devil resembles a dog-sized rat. It has a large head for its body, which allows it to exert the strongest bite for its size of any carnivorous mammal (strong enough to bite through steel wire). It stores fat in its non-prehensile tail, so a thick tail is a good indicator of the marsupials health. Most devils have black fur with white patches, although 16% are completely black. Devils have excellent senses of hearing and smell, plus they use long whiskers to navigate in the dark. The animals eyes can see moving objects, but probably dont focus clearly. CÃ ©cile Boucher / Getty Images Mature males are larger than females. A males head and body averages 25.7 inches long, with a 10-inch tail and a weight around 18 pounds. Females average 22 inches in length, plus a 9-inch tail, and a weight of 13 pounds. Devils can hold food and other objects using four long forward-facing toes and one side-facing toe on each forefoot. There are four toes with non-retractable claws on each hindfoot. Both male and female Tasmanian devils have a scent gland at the base of the tail used to mark the ground. Habitat and Distribution About 3,000 years ago, the Tasmanian devil disappeared from mainland Australia. Many researchers believe dingoes and human expansion may have eradicated the animal. Today, devils only live on the island of Tasmania, Australia. While the animals occupy all habitats, they prefer dry forests. Diet and Behavior The Tasmanian devil rests in a den or the bush during the day and hunts at night. While devils do not form packs, they are not entirely solitary and will share a range. Tasmanian devils can hunt any animal up to the size of a kangaroo, but they usually eat carrion or take smaller prey, such as wombats or frogs. They also eat vegetation and fruit. Reproduction and Offspring Devils reach sexual maturity and start to breed at two years of age. Mating typically occurs in March. While Tasmanian devils are not territorial in general, females claim and defend dens. Males fight for the right to mate a female and the winner ferociously guards his mate to drive away competition. After a 21-day gestation, a female gives birth to 20-30 young, which are called joeys, pups, or imps. At birth, each joey only weighs from 0.0063 to 0.0085 ounces (size of a grain of rice). The blind, hairless young use their claws to move from the females vagina to her pouch. However, she only has four nipples. Once a joey makes contact with a nipple, it expands and holds the joey inside the pouch. The joey remains attached for 100 days. It leaves the pouch 105 days after birth, looking like a tiny (7.1 ounce) copy of its parents. The young remain within their mothers den for another three months. Tasmanian devils can live up to 7 years under ideal conditions, but their average life expectancy is closer to 5 years. Young Tasmanian devils are small versions of their parents. aaron007 / Getty Images Conservation Status In 2008, the IUCN classified the Tasmanian devils conservation status as endangered. The Tasmanian government has instituted protection programs for the animal, but its population continues to decline. The total population is estimated to be around 10,000 devils. Threats The principal threat to Tasmanian devil survival is devil facial tumor disease (DFTD), which is a contagious cancer devils transmit via bites. DFTD results in tumors that ultimately interfere with an animals ability to eat, leading to death by starvation. Devils also die from cancer that may be related to high levels of flame retardant chemicals in the environment. Road mortality is another significant cause of devil death. Tasmanian devils scavenge roadkill at night and are difficult for motorists to see because of their dark coloring. Tasmanian Devils and Humans At one time, Tasmanian devils were hunted for food. While it is true devils will dig up and eat human and animal corpses, there is no evidence they attack people. While Tasmanian devils can be tamed, their strong odor makes them unsuitable as pets. Tasmanian devils look and sound fierce, but they pose no direct threat to humans. CraigRJD / Getty Images Sources Brown, Oliver. Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus harrisii) extinction on the Australian mainland in the mid-Holocene: multicausality and ENSO intensification. Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology. 31: 49–57, 2006. doi:10.1080/03115510609506855Groves, C.P. Order Dasyuromorphia. In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 28, 2005. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0.Hawkins, C.E.; McCallum, H.; Mooney, N.; Jones, M.; Holdsworth, M. Sarcophilus harrisii. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN. 2008: e.T40540A10331066. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T40540A10331066.enOwen, D. and David Pemberton. Tasmanian Devil: A unique and threatened animal. Crows Nest, New South Wales: Allen Unwin, 2005. ISBN 978-1-74114-368-3.Siddle, Hannah V.; Kreiss, Alexandre; Eldridge, Mark D. B.; Noonan, Erin; Clarke, Candice J.; Pyecroft, Stephen; Woods, Gregory M.; Belov, Katherine. Transmission of a fat al clonal tumor by biting occurs due to depleted MHC diversity in a threatened carnivorous marsupial. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 104 (41): 16221–16226, 2007. doi:10.1073/pnas.0704580104

Consumer Law Undergraduate Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Consumer Law Undergraduate - Case Study Example In instances of failure, CIF has determined that the buyer may reject tender of the documents, refuse acceptance of the goods and argue breach of contract.2 FOB terms are in concurrence with the stated, as is SoGA (1979). Sections 14, 2a and 14, 2b places equal emphasis on conformity. Insofar as the sale of goods contract references specified goods, the buyer is obligated to provide the seller with goods which confirmed to those referenced in the contract. 3Assuming that the goods are conforming, the seller is further responsible for making the necessary arrangements regarding the affreightment and insurance of the goods, the issuance of a commercial invoice and the tender of the relevant documents to the buyer within a reasonable timeframe, or as specified in the contract.4 Case law emphasises the liability of sellers in instances of proven non-conformity. In the matter of Slater v Finney (1996),5 the buyers claimed breach of implied condition of fitness, in accordance with SoGA(1979), Section 14, 3, maintaining that the shipping vessel which they purchased from the sellers did not satisfy the purpose for which they purchased it. ... In the matter of Soules Caf v PT Transap of Indonesia (1998) the court found that the buyer had the right to reject the documents since they were inconsistent with CIF terms pertaining to insurance and as a consequence of the seller's failure to perform his CIF obligations.7 The meaning of this is that the right to reject is immediately linked to the question of whether or not the seller fulfilled his obligations and not to whether the goods were damaged during the voyage or not. Therefore, even if the goods are damaged, Baxwell, must fulfil all of his obligations. The fact is that a significant percentage of the goods have been damaged, inhibiting Baxwell from exploiting them for the purpose for which he bought them. SoGA, Sections 15A and 15B, provides that the goods delivered should be in the type and condition which allow the buyer to satisfy the purpose of purchase.8 CIF terms additionally emphasise this right.9 Consequently, it is apparent that even though Sweet does not appear liable, as he had fulfilled his contractual obligations, Baxwell should not carry the financial burden potentially imposed upon him by the damage done to the goods. Assignment of liability for the damages, necessitates a review of the concepts of property and risk, as outlined by SoGA and CIF. The first consideration is the separation between passage of proprietorship and passage of risk. The CIF terms on which the sales of goods contract between Baxwell and Sweet is founded upon separates between the two. Property passes from the seller to the buyer upon the tender of the documents and the payment of the sums owed. Risk, however, and especially as delivery is at a distant port, does not